稳定分层流密度界面处湍流混合与分形结构

采用室内混合箱研究稳定分层流(上层淡水、下层盐水) 无剪切密度界面处的湍流混合与分形结构. 湍流通过浸没在盐水层中的振动格栅产生, 密度界面结构通过在盐水层中添加荧光剂或染料可视化, 共进行12 组实验. 实验观测并记录了:(1) 淡、盐水密度界面距混合箱底部的平均高程(h);(2) 淡、盐水层的密度(ρ₀,ρ), (3) 淡、盐水密度界面. 其中, 淡、盐水密度界面通过照片、录像进行记录. 观测结果用于计算:(1) 盐水层密度;(2) 卷挟速度, (3) 整体理查孙数(Ri_o), (4) 二维、三维密度界面, (5) 二维、三维密度界面的分形维度. 结果分析发现:(1) 湍流卷挟率随Rio 增大而减小, 并且满足Ri_o的-3=2 或-7=4 幂律;表明随着湍流强度的减弱, 混合的速度也越来越缓慢;(2) 二维密度界面分形维度大于1, 三维密度界面分形维度大于2;表明二维、三维密度界面存在分形结构;(3) 分形维度随Ri_o的增大而减小;表明随着湍流强度的减弱, 密度界面也越来越趋于光滑.      

Anisotropic Crouzeix-Raviart Type Nonconforming Finite Element Methods to Variational Inequality Problem with Displacement Obstacle

In this paper, anisotropic Crouzeix-Raviart type nonconforming finite element methods are considered for solving the second order variational inequality with displacement obstacle. The convergence analysis is presented and the optimal order error estimates are obtained under the hypothesis of the finite length of the free boundary. Numerical results are provided to illustrate the correctness of theoretical analysis.     

基于手性负离子置换策略的异喹啉不对称转移氢化研究

报道了一种手性负离子置换策略,并将其成功应用于异喹啉化合物的不对称转移氢化反应. 以手性磷酸作为催化剂,氯代甲酸酯作为底物活化试剂,Hantzsch酯为有机负氢供体的条件下,该反应能以优良收率得到手性1-取代-1,2-二氢异喹啉产物,ee值最高为79%. 这是首次实现异喹啉化合物不对称转移氢化.     

Navier-Stokes方程的最小二乘等几何方法

基于Hermite多项式的C¹型单元构造复杂,限制了最小二乘有限元法的应用.引入高阶光滑的非均匀有理B样条作为基函数简化C¹型单元构造,提出求解黏性不可压流动Navier-Stokes方程的最小二乘等几何方法.用Newton法或Picard法对Navier-Stokes方程线性化,用线性化偏微分方程的余量定义最小二乘泛函,导出最小二乘变分方程,用NURBS构造高阶光滑的有限维空间来近似速度场和压力场.计算表明:本文方法计算的二维顶盖驱动流数值解能准确描述流动状况,计算的二维通道内圆柱绕流全局质量损失由最小二乘有限元法的6%降为0.018%,该方法可用于Navier-Stokes方程的求解,并且具有较好的质量守恒性.     

Growth and properties of wide spectral white light emitting diodes

Wide spectral white light emitting diodes have been designed and grown on a sapphire substrate by using a metal-organic chemical vapor deposition system. Three quantum wells with blue-light-emitting, green-light-emitting and red-light-emitting structures were grown according to the design. The surface morphology of the film was observed by using atomic force microscopy. The films were characterized by their photoluminescence measurements. X-ray diffraction θ/2θ scan spectroscopy was carried out on the multi-quantum wells. The secondary fringes of the symmetric ω/2θ X-ray diffraction scan peaks indicate that the thicknesses and the alloy compositions of the individual quantum wells are repeatable throughout the active region. The room temperature photoluminescence spectra of the structures indicate that the white light emission of the multi-quantum wells is obtained. The light spectrum covers 400-700 nm, which is almost the whole visible light spectrum.     

Variational assimilation in combination with the regularization method for sea level pressure retrieval from QuikSCAT scatterometer data I: Theoretical frame construction

A new method of constructing a sea level pressure field from satellite microwave scatterometer measurements is presented. It is based on variational assimilation in combination with a regularization method using geostrophic vorticity to construct a sea level pressure field from scatterometer data that are given in this paper, which offers a new idea for the application of scatterometer measurements. Firstly, the geostrophic vorticity from the scatterometer data is computed to construct the observation field, and the vorticity field in an area and the sea level pressure on the borders are assimilated. Secondly, the gradient of sea level pressure (semi-norm) is used as the stable functional to educe the adjoint system, the adjoint boundary condition and the gradient of the cost functional in which a weight parameter is introduced for the harmony of the system and the Tikhonov regularization techniques in inverse problem are used to overcome the ill-posedness of the assimilation. Finally, the iteration method of the sea level pressure field is developed.     

Adjusting the properties of the photon generated via an optical parametric oscillator by using a pulse pumped laser

The cavity-enhanced spontaneous parametric down-conversion far below threshold can be used to generate a narrow-band photon pair efficiently. Previous experiments on the cavity-enhanced spontaneous parametric down-conversion almost always utilize continuous wave pump light, but the pulse pumped case is rarely reported. One disadvantage of the continuous wave case is that the photon pair is produced randomly within the coherence time of the pump, which limits its application in the quantum information realm. However, a pulse pump can help to solve this problem. In this paper, we theoretically analyze pulse pumped cavity-enhanced spontaneous parametric down-conversion in detail and show how the pump pulse affects the multi-photon interference visibility, two-photon waveform, joint spectrum and spectral brightness.     

Room-temperature anomalous Hall effect and magnetroresistance in (Ga, Co)-codoped ZnO diluted magnetic semiconductor films

This paper reports that the(Ga,Co)-codoped ZnO thin films have been grown by inductively coupled plasma enhanced physical vapour deposition.Room-temperature ferromagnetism is observed for the as-grown thin films.The x-ray absorption fine structure characterization reveals that Co 2+ and Ga 3+ ions substitute for Zn 2+ ions in the ZnO lattice and exclude the possibility of extrinsic ferromagnetism origin.The ferromagnetic(Ga,Co)-codoped ZnO thin films exhibit carrier concentration dependent anomalous Hall effect and positive magnetoresistance at room temperature.The mechanism of anomalous Hall effect and magneto-transport in ferromagnetic ZnO-based diluted magnetic semiconductors is discussed.     

纳米材料与纳米技术在先进核能系统中的应用前瞻

随着人类对核能需求的快速增长,为应对核能发展的挑战,世界主要核能国家已经开始了先进核能系统的研发。新材料与新技术被认为将在未来先进核能系统中发挥重要作用,其中纳米材料与纳米技术显示了在未来核能中广泛的潜在应用前景。纳米材料是近年来受到广泛重视的一种新型功能材料,本文综述了纳米材料与纳米技术在先进核燃料制造、乏燃料后处理、核废物处置以及核环境修复等核燃料循环领域的应用基础研究现状,并对纳米材料技术在未来先进核能系统中的应用发展趋势进行了展望。     

Weighted estimates for commutators of one-sided oscillatory integral operators

In this paper, we study the weighted norm inequalities for commutators formed by a class of one-sided oscillatory integral operators and functions in one-sided BMO spaces.